Journal of Economic Structures

The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 4 Descriptive statistics of the variables used for all periods

From: Baseline analysis of productivity changes with and without considering carbon dioxide emissions in the major manufacturing sector of Indonesia

Variable code	Description	Unit	Mean	Standard deviation
Period of 1990–1995
k	Capital	Thousands of US dollar	450.80	1691.45
l	Labor wage	Thousands of US dollar	263.94	873.13
m	Raw material	Thousands of US dollar	607.63	2774.68
v	Value added	Thousands of US dollar	317.11	1370.26
CO₂	CO₂ emissions	Tons CO₂ equivalent	584.88	2113.26
Y	Environmental productivity change over time	%	1.15	2.72
Energydep	Energy dependency	%	2	0.02
Fuelprice	Fuel price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	40.88	16.17
Elecprice	Electricity price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	152.99	82.46
No. of observations 9336
Period of 1998–2000
k	Capital	Thousands of US dollar	352.88	1530.00
l	Labor wage	Thousands of US dollar	86.35	404.82
m	Raw material	Thousands of US dollar	596.34	3302.94
v	Value added	Thousands of US dollar	381.29	3211.77
CO₂	CO₂ emissions	Tons CO₂ equivalent	666.49	2229.87
Y	Environmental productivity change over time	%	1.10	1.10
Energydep	Energy dependency	%	5	0.06
Fuelprice	Fuel price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	67.47	25.99
Elecprice	Electricity price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	194.83	97.90
No. of observations 4668
Period of 2003–2006
k	Capital	Thousands of US dollar	127.14	408.26
l	Labor wage	Thousands of US dollar	86.27	216.78
m	Raw material	Thousands of US dollar	236.26	1489.42
v	Value added	Thousands of US dollar	119.65	583.46
CO₂	CO₂ emissions	Tons CO₂ equivalent	282.02	1434.19
Y	Environmental productivity change over time	%	1.154	1.04
Energydep	Energy dependency	%	8	0.08
Fuelprice	Fuel price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	215.66	104.18
Elecprice	Electricity price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	696.57	431.92
No. of observations 3296
Period of 2008–2010
k	Capital	Thousands of US dollar	120.00	441.86
l	Labor wage	Thousands of US dollar	84.76	253.55
m	Raw material	Thousands of US dollar	298.67	1924.40
v	Value added	Thousands of US dollar	119.50	385.95
CO₂	CO₂ emissions	Tons CO₂ equivalent	243.63	1054.26
Y	Environmental productivity change over time	%	1.08	0.56
Energydep	Energy dependency	%	13	0.12
Fuelprice	Fuel price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	518.55	186.15
Elecprice	Electricity price	US dollar/tons of oil eq.	1007.62	660.44
No. of observations 2472

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