The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 4 Z tests for pairwise differences in innovation forward linkages (without the USA)
Variables | Petro | Leather | Clay | P metal | F metal | Machine | Elec | Motor | Trans eq | Instru | Rubber | Misc. | Trans | Com |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chemical | 29.8*** | 25.5*** | 0.1 | 27.8*** | 4.8*** | 30.1*** | 1.8** | 16.4*** | 5.3*** | 25.8*** | −16.7*** | 1.4 | 9.3*** | 0.3E−01 |
Petroleum | – | −0.4 | −0.6E−01 | 26.3*** | −0.5 | 1.1 | −0.7E−02 | −0.9E−02 | −0.5 | −6.9*** | −29.0*** | −0.2 | 3.0*** | −0.2E−01 |
Leather | – | −0.6E−01 | 26.3*** | −0.4 | 1.4 | 0.2E−01 | 0.2 | −0.4 | −4.9*** | −28.0*** | −0.2 | 3.0*** | −0.2E−01 | |
Clay and glass | – | 3.0*** | 0.5E−01 | 0.7E−01 | 0.6E−01 | 0.6E−01 | 0.5E−01 | 0.3E−01 | −0.4 | 0.4E−01 | 0.1 | −0.2E−02 | ||
Primary metal | – | −25.4*** | −26.3*** | −20.1*** | −26.2*** | −25.6*** | −26.6*** | −29.8*** | −19.4*** | −24.9*** | −0.9 | |||
Fabricated metal | – | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3E−02 | −0.4 | −11.6*** | −0.6E−01 | 2.3** | −0.2E−01 | ||||
Machinery | – | −0.6E−01 | −0.6 | −0.7 | −7.8*** | −29.2*** | −0.3 | 2.8*** | −0.2E−01 | |||||
Electrical machinery | – | 0.6E−02 | −0.2 | −0.3 | −4.4*** | −0.2 | 0.8 | −0.2E−01 | ||||||
Motor vehicle | – | −0.5 | −3.0*** | −24.9*** | −0.2 | 2.8*** | −0.2E−01 | |||||||
Transportation equip | – | −0.5 | −12.5*** | −0.6E−01 | 2.4** | −0.2E−01 | ||||||||
Instrument | – | −27.1*** | 0.7E−01 | 4.1*** | −0.1E−01 | |||||||||
Rubber | – | 3.8*** | 16.7*** | 0.1 | ||||||||||
Misc. manufacturing | – | 0.9 | −0.1E−01 | |||||||||||
Transportation | −0.4E−01 |