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The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 6 Average growth rate and volatility

From: Estimating innovation input–output matrix and innovation linkages in the East Asian region and the USA

Sector

Without USA

With USA

Growth

Variance

Growth

Variance

Sector average

0.017

0.003

0.015

0.002

Chemical

0.013

0.007

0.011

0.005

Petroleum

0.010

0.006

0.009

0.006

Leather

0.008

0.002

0.007

0.001

Clay and glass

0.013

0.002

0.012

0.002

Primary metal

0.006

0.002

0.007

0.001

Fabricated metal

0.009

0.001

0.008

0.001

Machinery

0.018

0.001

0.023

0.001

Electrical machinery

0.042

0.004

0.044

0.003

Motor vehicle

0.016

0.001

0.012

0.001

Transportation equipment

0.013

0.002

0.010

0.002

Instrument

0.020

0.004

0.017

0.003

Rubber

0.012

0.004

0.013

0.003

Misc. manufacturing

0.005

0.001

0.006

0.001

Transportation

0.005

0.002

0.005

0.001

Communication

0.066

0.007

0.048

0.006