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The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 2 Results for the panel

From: Trade liberalization and premature deindustrialization in Colombia

Variables

(1)

OLS

(2)

Within

(3)a

Within with IV

Manufacturing/GDP

Manufacturing/GDP

Manufacturing/GDP

AET

0.200***

(0.0212)

0.172***

(0.0210)

0.219***

(0.0255)

ME exports/total exports

− 0.0690***

(0.00923)

− 0.0501***

(0.0189)

− 0.0425***

(0.0185)

GDP per capita

− 0.000252**

(0.000105)

− 0.00126***

(0.000264)

− 0.000770***

(0.000270)

International trade/GDP

0.0509***

(0.0116)

− 0.00874

(0.0219)

− 0.0216

(0.0211)

FDI/GDP

− 0.424***

(0.0951)

− 0.284**

(0.112)

− 0.242**

(0.103)

Real exchange rate

− 0.0188**

(0.00751)

− 0.0196***

(0.00732)

− 0.0852***

(0.0157)

Constant

19.51***

(1.091)

26.33***

(1.424)

29.83***

(1.722)

Observations

237

237

229

R 2

0.530

0.560

 

Countries

8

8

8

  1. Standard errors in parenthesis
  2. *** p < 0.01; ** p < 0.05; * p < 0.1
  3. aThe instrument used, lag of the tariff, is relevant. After running the first stage of the model and estimating the statistic F for the lag, a value of 1187.23 is obtained, with a p-value lower than 0.001, which makes the null hypothesis of irrelevance to be rejected