An institutional approach and input–output analysis for explaining the transformation of the Turkish economy

Journal of Economic Structures

The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 1 Domestic consumption growth and export growth by country (annual rate, unit: %).

Country	Period	Growth of mark-up rate (\({\widehat{1 + m}}_{\text{n}}\))^a	Productivity growth of non-tradable goods	Productivity growth of export goods	Wage rate growth	Inflation
Canada	1971–1976	− 0.6	1.2	− 0.4	11.0	7.4
	1976–1981	0.8	0.8	− 0.9	8.6	9.4
	1981–1986	0.4	0.9	5.4	5.3	6.9
	1986–1990	− 0.7	0.8	3.5	5.5	4.5
France	1972–1977	2.8	6.0	4.5	13.5	9.5
	1977–1980	0.0	2.6	3.0	12.8	10.7
	1980–1985	0.7	1.7	2.1	9.8	10.3
	1985–1990	1.0	2.2	5.6	4.2	3.5
Japan	1970–1980	− 1.6	3.8	6.6	13.3	8.9
Japan	1980–1990	3.0	6.2	9.2	4.5	2.5
Netherlands	1972–1977	1.5	3.5	3.4	10.7	8.4
	1977–1981	2.5	2.1	1.4	4.4	5.5
	1981–1986	4.2	4.5	7.0	2.3	3.5
Turkey	1973–1985	3.8	3.8	2.0	34.2	38.5
	1985–2003	0.4	3.0	5.3	66.2	63.5
	2003–2011	0.7	2.7	3.7	11.2	10.6
United Kingdom	1968–1979	− 2.6	2.9	2.1	13.4	11.4
	1979–1984	0.5	1.0	4.8	9.8	10.2
	1984–1990	0.3	1.8	2.3	7.2	4.9
United States	1972–1977	0.9	1.1	− 1.5	7.3	7.0
	1977–1982	0.1	0.4	0.7	8.1	9.2
	1982–1985	− 0.1	1.5	5.9	5.1	4.3
	1985–1990	3.3	4.7	11.1	4.5	3.8

The italic emphasis the period when the domestic consumption growth was the dynamic sector
^aBecause mark-up rates are not constant in the countries, approximate inflation or non-tradable price increase comes as follows: \(\hat{p}_{\text{n}} = \left( {{\widehat {1 + m}}_{\text{n}} } \right) + \hat{w} - \hat{q}_{\text{n}}\)