The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 1 Circularity intervention categories
From: Assessing circularity interventions: a review of EEIOA-based studies
Intervention category | Description | Based on | Keywords |
|---|---|---|---|
Residual waste management (RWM) | Related to post-consumption activities where the materials are disposed outside the economy | Ellen MacArthur Foundation (2013) Kirchherr et al. (2017) | Landfill Energy recovery Waste treatment |
Closing supply chains (CSC) | The re-integration of materials at different levels of the supply chain after being used, via for instance product reuse, component re-use, refurbishing, and recycling | Bocken et al. (2016) Ellen MacArthur Foundation (2013) Kirchherr et al. (2017) | Reuse Redistribution Refurbishment Remanufacture Recycle |
Product lifetime extension (PLE) | Associated with slowing-down the resource use as a consequence of extending lifetime of products, via for instance design for longevity and improved maintenance | Bocken et al. (2016) Kirchherr et al. (2017) | Product lifetime Extension Maintenance Repair |
Resource efficiency (RE) | Processes or mechanisms which optimise resource flows by using less resources per unit produced | Bocken et al. (2016) Kirchherr et al. (2017) | Resource efficiency Material efficiency |