The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 6 GMM-2SLS estimation results for country group = 1 with endogenous GINI and GINI2 (robust t values in parenthesis, N = 50, 5% or less significance level results with italics, 5% or less significance level test values are indicated by *)
From: Health, inequality and income: a global study using simultaneous model
Variable | lnGNIPc | lnIM | lnHEc | dlnGNIPc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
constant | 7.071 (0.97) | 4.577 (2.60) | − 3.747 (− 1.29) | − 0.616 (− 2.67) |
lnIM | − 1.221 (− 1.82) | 0.894 (1.50) | 0.097 (2.30) | |
GINI | 0.178 (0.67) | 0.049 (1.75) | 0.004 (2.50) | |
GINI 2 | − 0.002 (− 0.63) | |||
dPOP | − 2.667 (− 2.03) | |||
dlnPOP_1 | 5.030 (1.38) | |||
lnPCR_1 | − 0.248 (− 1.06) | 0.028 (1.82) | ||
lnRD_E_1 | 0.079 (1.68) | |||
dlnRD_E | 0.312 (3.64) | |||
lnGNIPc | − 0.411 (− 1.64) | 0.777 (2.02) | ||
lnAW | − 0.155 (− 0.45) | |||
lnPOPU | 0.166 (0.85) | |||
lnDOC | 0.239 (2.36) | |||
“R2” | 0.141 | . | 0.309 | . |
GMM C test for exogeneity | lnIM chi2(1) = 1.11 GINI, GINI 2 chi2(2) = 0.04 | lnGNIPc chi2(1) = 1.88 GINI chi2(1) = 3.44 | lnIM, lnGNIPc chi2(2) = 2.24 | lnIM chi2(1) = 4.35* GINI chi2(1) = 7.46* |
Robust F test for first-stage regressions | lnIM F(4,42) = 1.83 GINI F(4,42) = 0.99 GINI 2 F(4,42) = 1.05 | lnGNIPc F(7,40) = 43.17* GINI F(7,40) = 1.08 | lnIM F(4,44) = 3.19 lnGNIPc F(4,44) = 3.32 | lnIM F(2,42) = 1.87 GINI F(4,42) = 3.63* |
Hansen’s J test for over-identifying restrictions | chi2(1) = 3.11 | chi2(3) = 2.33 | chi2(2) = 5.24 | chi2(2) = 0.83 |
Additional instruments | AC, AC_1, lnAREA, AW_1 | AC, AC_1, lnGDP_iv, lnGDP_iv_1, dlnGDP_iv_1, lnAREA, dlnRD_E_1 | AC_1, AW_1 | AC, AC_1, AW_1, lnAREA |