A modular bottom-up approach for constructing physical input–output tables (PIOTs) based on process engineering models

Journal of Economic Structures

The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 5 Mapping of models to IO sectors with approximate coverage along with total production (x) numbers from the process modeling approach (PM) as well as the approach in Singh et al. (2017) (MFA)

IO acct NAICS code	IO account name	PM sector coverage	MFA sector coverage	PM Total production (x) (mt tons)	MFA Total production (x) (mt tons)	Validation value (mt tons)
325310	Fertilizer manufacturing	> 90%	> 90%	193,736	895,400	194,000
325190	Other basic organic chemical manufacturing^a	> 90%	> 90%	85,324	67,506	71,000
311221	Wet corn milling	> 90%	^b	31,489	^b	27,900
311119	Other animal food manufacturing^c	~ 50%	> 90%	75,492	123,883	140,900
112A00	Animal production, except cattle and poultry and eggs	> 90%	> 90%	30,427	43,979	30,400
31161A	Animal (except poultry) slaughtering, rendering, and processing^d	~ 67%	> 90%	29,331	47,262	43,900

Validation values for comparison are given in the final column
^aBoth PIOTs only cover ethyl alcohol manufacturing, but the corresponding IO sector also includes production of other chemicals such as amines that may include N. This distinction is based on MFA in Singh et al., which did not look at other chemical production for the sector. In Additional file 1: Table A12 the disaggregated totals are shown for Singh et al. (2017) whereas here their sum is shown
^bOmitted from the published PIOT work
^cProcess models covered hog food manufacturing, sector also includes cattle, poultry and niche foods
^dBeef production not included in process models