The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 3 The determinants of TFP (2SLS method)
From: Innovation, total factor productivity and economic growth in Pakistan: a policy perspective
Description | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TFP(− 1) | 0.91* (− 3.38) | 0.93* (3.90) | ||||
INF | − 0.02* (− 2.62) | 0.04*** (− 1.90) | − 0.02* (− 2.50) | − 0.02*** (− 1.86) | − 0.02*** (− 1.70) | − 0.02 (− 0.325) |
FDI | 0.13* (− 3.22) | − 0.04 (− 0.83) | − 0.03 (− 1.22) | − 0.04 (− 0.63) | 0.10* (− 4.68) | |
TRD | 0.04* (5.85) | 0.05** (− 2.36) | ||||
LGDP | 1.17* (− 2.88) | 0.80* (− 5.78) | 1.06* (− 9.63) | |||
PRL | 0.01 (− 0.9) | |||||
EDU | 0.19*** (− 1.97) | 0.12** (− 1.97) | 0.30* (− 2.54) | |||
IMM | 0.03** (− 1.98) | 0.03*** (− 1.97) | 0.03* (− 9.63) | 0.06 (− 0.24) | ||
LPT | 0.05*** (− 1.97) | |||||
CONSTANT | 0.49 (− 1.59) | − 3.53 (− 1.42) | 0.48 (− 1.59) | − 1.716 (− 2.15) | 0.03 (− 0.04) | − 0.96 (− 1.19) |
Diagnostic tests | ||||||
R-squared | 0.23 | 0.85 | 0.3 | 0.65 | 0.86 | 0.3 |
Adjusted R-squared | 0.22 | 0.83 | 0.28 | 0.6 | 0.77 | 0.2 |
JB normality test | 2.53 (0.28) | |||||
Breusch–Godfrey LM test | 1.68(0.23) | |||||
ARCH test | 1.38 (0.82) | |||||
Ramsey reset test | t = 0.74 (0.31) | |||||
Durbin–Watson stat | 1.78 | |||||