Boundaries on Turkish export-oriented industrialization

Journal of Economic Structures

The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 4 Granger causality test results

Dependent variable	Log (capacity utilization)	Log (export)	Log (investment)	Log (import)	Log (interest rate)	Log (debt)
Log (capacity utilization)		.7305	.0004^a	.4672	.3766	.8401
Log (export)	.7504		.4761	.6128	.7530	.6004
Log (import)	.1234	.9573	.0867^b		7336	.0187^a
Log (investment)	.0665^b	.3147		.7857	.0134^a	.0187^a
Log (interest rate)	.2459	.0608^b	.1126	.0935^b		.0027^a
Log (debt)	.0000^a	.0024^a	.0000^a	.0269^a	.0298^a

Null hypothesis of Granger causality states that test is there is no Granger causality running from one variable to another
^aNumbers in the cells are probability values for Granger causality test
^bThe italic characters imply the weak causality as probability value is in the range of (.05–.1)