The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 1 Summary of variables
From: The effect of mining foreign direct investment inflow on the economic growth of Zimbabwe
Variable | Proxy | Supporting Literature |
|---|---|---|
Labor (L) | National literate rate from ordinary level passes | Khadaroo and Seetanah (2008), Seetanah and Teeroovengadum (2019) |
Financial Sector Development (FD) | Measured as the ratio of private sector credit to GDP | King and Levine (1993), Seetanah et al. (2009), Guru and Yadav (2019) |
Openness Level (OL) | Measured by (X + M/GDP) | |
Domestic Investment Level (K) | Measured by national level of capital formation (the ratio of GDFCF to GDP) | |
FDI in the mining sector (FDIM) | Measured as the amount of FDI flows to the mining sector as a ratio of GDPData on mining sector FDI has been obtained from Zimbabwe Investment Authority (ZIA) | |
FDI in the non-mining sector (FDINM) | Measured as the ratio of the non-mining section to GDP (non-mining sector = total FDI–FDI in the mining sector) | Author derivation |