The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 5 Total factor productivity equation
Variables | (log) TFP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |
Product innovation | 0.00665 (0.0162) | − 0.00540 (0.0191) | ||
Process innovation | 0.0301* (0.0157) | 0.0323* (0.0175) | ||
Product X process | 0.0141 (0.0188) | |||
Imported license technology | 0.0713*** (0.0177) | 0.0709*** (0.0186) | 0.0711*** (0.0186) | 0.0734*** (0.0186) |
Age (log) | − 0.00185 (0.0119) | − 0.00406 (0.0134) | − 0.00387 (0.0134) | − 0.00323 (0.0135) |
Employment (log) | − 0.0109** (0.00452) | − 0.0114** (0.00498) | − 0.0114** (0.00498) | − 0.0101** (0.00494) |
Foreign ownership (%) | 0.0466* (0.0248) | 0.0579** (0.0270) | 0.0577** (0.0271) | 0.0561** (0.0271) |
Country fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Sector fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Constant | 2.255*** (0.0640) | 2.178*** (0.151) | 2.247*** (0.0702) | 2.246*** (0.0704) |
Observations | 503 | 453 | 452 | 452 |
\(R^{2}\) | 0.577 | 0.590 | 0.589 | 0.586 |