Table 3 Descriptive statistics of the data.

X_Colj

174

763

0

9790

LogDIST_Colj

9843.69

4635.13

733.53

19,369.97

CONTIG_Colj

0.04

0.19

0

1.00

COMLANG_Colj

0.14

0.35

0

1.00

LogGDP_j

510,000

1,640,000

1240

17,900,000

LogLABCOMP_Col

13,461.85

864.9

11,670.21

14,559.61

WTO_j

0.86

0.34

0

1.00

OECD_j

0.24

0.43

0

1.00

FTA_ij

0.16

0.37

0

1.00

Control of corruption_Col

− 0.30

0.09

− 0.41

− 0.12

Control of corruption_j

0.05

1.06

− 1.67

2.47

Government effectiveness_Col

− 0.06

0.09

− 0.25

0.07

Government effectiveness_j

0.16

0.99

− 2.09

2.44

Political stability_Col

− 1.40

0.42

− 2.06

− 0.77

Political stability_j

− 0.04

0.95

− 2.97

1.62

Regulatory quality_Col

0.30

0.14

0.01

0.50

Regulatory quality_j

0.15

1.02

− 2.53

2.26

Rule of law_Col

− 0.38

0.10

− 0.62

− 0.26

Rule of law_j

0.06

1.03

− 2.34

2.10

Voice and accountability_Col

− 0.07

0.13

− 0.32

0.19

Voice and accountability_j

− 0.001

1.02

− 2.31

1.74

Observations

1904