The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
\({CSAD}_{t }= \alpha + {\gamma }_{1 }\left|{R}_{m,t}\right|+ {\gamma }_{2}\left({R}_{m,t}^{2}\right)+ {\varepsilon }_{t}\) | \({CSAD}_{t}^{UP} = \alpha + {\gamma }_{1}^{UP}\left|{R}_{m,t}^{UP}\right|+{\gamma }_{2}^{UP}{\left({R}_{m,t}^{UP}\right)}^{2}+ {\varepsilon }_{t}\) | \({CSAD}_{t}^{DOWN} = \alpha + {\gamma }_{1}^{DOWN}\left|{R}_{m,t}^{DOWN}\right|+{\gamma }_{2}^{DOWN}{\left({R}_{m,t}^{DOWN}\right)}^{2}+ {\varepsilon }_{t}\) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\(\boldsymbol{\alpha }\) | \({{\varvec{\gamma}}}_{1}\) | \({{\varvec{\gamma}}}_{2}\) | \(\boldsymbol{\alpha }\) | \({{\varvec{\gamma}}}_{1}^{{\varvec{U}}{\varvec{P}}}\) | \({{\varvec{\gamma}}}_{2}^{{\varvec{U}}{\varvec{P}}}\) | \(\boldsymbol{\alpha }\) | \({{\varvec{\gamma}}}_{1}^{{\varvec{D}}{\varvec{O}}{\varvec{W}}{\varvec{N}}}\) | \({{\varvec{\gamma}}}_{2}^{{\varvec{D}}{\varvec{O}}{\varvec{W}}{\varvec{N}}}\) |
0.0018 | 0.1879 | −3.0180 | −0.0051 | 0.4137 | −0.3487 | .0015 | 0.3658 | −8.1781 |
(0.000)*** | (0.000)*** | (0.000)*** | 0.917 | (0.000)*** | (0.000)*** | (0.000)*** | (0.000)*** | (0.000)*** |
ARCH (lag 1) | GARCH (lag 1) | ARCH (lag 1) | GARCH (lag 1) | ARCH (lag 1) | GARCH (lag 1) | |||
0.3244 | −0.0183 | 0.0478 | −1.7723 | 0.6469 | 0.4166 | |||
(0.000)*** | 0.712 | 0.240 | (0.000)*** | (0.000)*** | 0.030 | |||
Obs | Wald chi2 (2) | Prob > F | Obs | Wald chi2 (2) | Prob > F | Obs | Wald chi2 (2) | Prob > F |
1303 | 498.19 | 0.0000 | 673 | 69.84 | 0.0000 | 630 | 293.89 | 0.0000 |