Skip to main content

The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 5 Panel IPS and CIPS unit root test

From: Can information and communication technology and institutional quality help mitigate climate change in E7 economies? An environmental Kuznets curve extension

Variables

CIPS

IPS

I(0)

I(1)

I(0)

I(1)

C

C&T

C

C&T

C

C&T

C

C&T

CO2

 − 3.183

 − 2.682

 − 4.283a

 − 4.170a

 − 1.085

 − 2.214

 − 4.306a

 − 4.225a

Y

 − 0.806

 − 1.071

 − 2.582a

 − 3.008a

1.783

 − 1.239

 − 2.661a

 − 3.348a

Y2

 − 0.816

 − 0.068

 − 3.482a

 − 2.571b

1.323

0.159

 − 3.896a

 − 3.193a

ICT

 − 2.064

 − 0.999

 − 2.452b

 − 3.345a

 − 0.829

 − 0.796

 − 3.869a

 − 2.801a

INSQ

 − 1.373

 − 1.380

 − 2.892a

 − 2.962b

 − 1.238

 − 2.261

 − 3.302a

 − 3.305a

EG

 − 2.302

 − 2.095

 − 5.015c

 − 5.242c

 − 2.334

 − 2.357

 − 4.362c

 − 4.651c

R

 − 0.592

 − 2.632

 − 5.034c

 − 4.958c

 − 2.657

 − 2.657

 − 4.672c

 − 4.794c

FF

 − 1.733

 − 2.197

 − 4.004a

 − 4.008a

 − 1.336

 − 2.620

 − 5.346a

 − 5.293a

  1. a0.01, b0.05 and c0.10 denotes statistical rejection level at 1%, 5% and 10%, respectively