The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
From: Efficiency, and economies of scale and scope in Japanese agricultural cooperatives
Parameter | Area-specific frontier models | Meta-frontier model | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urban area | Rural area | ||||||
Coefficient | Std. Err. | Coefficient | Std. Err. | Coefficient | Std. Err. | ||
α0 | 11.3000*** | 0.0376 | 11.9585*** | 0.0852 | 11.2067*** | 0.0439 | |
α1 | 0.4014*** | 0.0334 | 0.2218*** | 0.0757 | 0.2195*** | 0.0265 | |
α2 | − 0.0914*** | 0.0125 | 0.1171*** | 0.0152 | 0.0031 | 0.0077 | |
α3 | 0.4092*** | 0.0314 | 0.6586*** | 0.0339 | 0.4970*** | 0.0155 | |
β1 | 0.9590*** | 0.0831 | 0.8559*** | 0.1059 | 0.9191*** | 0.0425 | |
β2 | 0.3088*** | 0.1004 | 0.1302* | 0.0671 | 0.2476*** | 0.0400 | |
β3 | − 0.3659*** | 0.0322 | − 0.1373*** | 0.0470 | − 0.2332*** | 0.0159 | |
α11 | 0.1148** | 0.0541 | − 0.1304 | 0.1170 | 0.1601*** | 0.0327 | |
α12 | 0.0217* | 0.0128 | 0.0776*** | 0.0173 | 0.0385*** | 0.0048 | |
α13 | − 0.0091 | 0.0233 | 0.2692*** | 0.0363 | − 0.0135 | 0.0132 | |
α22 | − 0.0158** | 0.0074 | − 0.0144* | 0.0074 | − 0.0189*** | 0.0027 | |
α23 | 0.0218*** | 0.0079 | − 0.0265*** | 0.0091 | 0.0022 | 0.0030 | |
α33 | 0.0069 | 0.0176 | − 0.0530 | 0.0544 | 0.1165*** | 0.0121 | |
β11 | 1.2248*** | 0.2648 | 0.2543 | 0.3232 | 0.3116*** | 0.1046 | |
β12 | − 1.4967*** | 0.2402 | 0.1532 | 0.2099 | − 0.1751** | 0.0819 | |
β13 | 0.0892 | 0.0590 | − 0.0311 | 0.1048 | 0.0462* | 0.0266 | |
β22 | 1.4452*** | 0.2651 | − 0.3401* | 0.1934 | 0.0755 | 0.0856 | |
β23 | 0.0935 | 0.0572 | 0.0188 | 0.0526 | − 0.0187 | 0.0175 | |
β33 | − 0.0898** | 0.0421 | − 0.0003 | 0.0636 | − 0.0268 | 0.0174 | |
δ11 | 0.0913 | 0.0685 | − 0.2788** | 0.1197 | − 0.0485 | 0.0377 | |
δ12 | 0.0202 | 0.0648 | 0.1828* | 0.0952 | 0.0943*** | 0.0360 | |
δ13 | − 0.0227 | 0.0186 | − 0.0505 | 0.0369 | − 0.0327*** | 0.0081 | |
δ21 | − 0.1752*** | 0.0264 | − 0.0051 | 0.0358 | − 0.0451*** | 0.0109 | |
δ22 | 0.1496*** | 0.0304 | 0.0082 | 0.0250 | 0.0508*** | 0.0094 | |
δ23 | − 0.0017 | 0.0083 | 0.0168 | 0.0114 | − 0.0003 | 0.0034 | |
δ31 | − 0.1137** | 0.0498 | 0.3269*** | 0.0684 | 0.1057*** | 0.0243 | |
δ32 | 0.0468 | 0.0434 | − 0.3128*** | 0.0645 | − 0.1012*** | 0.0228 | |
δ33 | − 0.0108 | 0.0145 | − 0.0101 | 0.0214 | − 0.0246*** | 0.0055 | |
DMy05 | − 0.1438*** | 0.0275 | − 0.1365*** | 0.0364 | − 0.1041*** | 0.0123 | |
DMy06 | 0.1009*** | 0.0325 | − 0.0937** | 0.0422 | 0.0460*** | 0.0154 | |
DMy07 | 0.3900*** | 0.0570 | − 0.0389 | 0.0736 | 0.2286*** | 0.0280 | |
DMy08 | 0.3231*** | 0.0563 | − 0.1150 | 0.0754 | 0.1835*** | 0.0304 | |
DMy09 | 0.2344*** | 0.0483 | − 0.1578** | 0.0630 | 0.1179*** | 0.0264 | |
DMy10 | 0.1735*** | 0.0353 | − 0.1403*** | 0.0498 | 0.0880*** | 0.0203 | |
DMy11 | − 0.0172 | 0.0330 | − 0.2986*** | 0.0418 | − 0.0674*** | 0.0198 | |
DMy12 | − 0.0341 | 0.0398 | − 0.3128*** | 0.0448 | − 0.0944*** | 0.0204 | |
DMy13 | − 0.1285*** | 0.0344 | − 0.3430*** | 0.0413 | − 0.1278*** | 0.0205 | |
DMy14 | − 0.1380*** | 0.0355 | − 0.3729*** | 0.0417 | − 0.1473*** | 0.0208 | |
DMy15 | − 0.0593* | 0.0354 | − 0.3304*** | 0.0443 | − 0.1038*** | 0.0199 | |
DMy16 | 0.0063 | 0.0370 | − 0.2336*** | 0.0443 | − 0.0495*** | 0.0187 | |
DMy17 | − 0.1124*** | 0.0349 | − 0.3052*** | 0.0425 | − 0.1312*** | 0.0180 | |
DMy18 | − 0.4348*** | 0.0450 | − 0.0500 | 0.0474 | − 0.0916*** | 0.0250 | |
DMy19 | − 0.5686*** | 0.0477 | − 0.1344** | 0.0562 | − 0.1727*** | 0.0274 | |
Inefficiency effects | |||||||
AGPS (ρ1) | 0.8017*** | 0.0816 | − 0.0114 | 0.0228 | |||
RMBR (ρ2) | 0.0001 | 0.0016 | − 0.0111*** | 0.0029 | |||
UEMR (ρ3) | − 0.1687*** | 0.0317 | 0.0035 | 0.0109 | |||
LAST (ρ4) | 0.0120*** | 0.0058 | 0.0473*** | 0.0063 | |||
ln σ2 | − 3.7037*** | 0.1680 | − 4.0047*** | 0.1363 | − 3.6143*** | 0.2857 | |
iligt γ | 2.3079*** | 0.4369 | − 1.1892 | 1.4844 | 2.1719*** | 0.3232 | |
μ | 0.2312*** | 0.0458 | |||||
η | 0.0221*** | 0.0028 | |||||
Log likelihood | 282.27 | 279.14 | 1032.23 | ||||
Observations | 320 | 432 | 752 |