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The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 5 Scope economies estimates

From: Efficiency, and economies of scale and scope in Japanese agricultural cooperatives

 

Urban area

Rural area

OSP

PSSP1

PSSP2

PSSP3

OSP

PSSP1

PSSP2

PSSP3

2004

1.8504***

0.9928***

0.9845***

1.0283***

2.6061***

1.2021***

1.1821***

1.2196***

2005

1.2157***

0.7302***

0.7509***

0.8127***

2.0545***

1.0132***

0.9882***

1.0157***

2006

1.4592***

0.8211***

0.8293***

0.8834***

2.5926***

1.1678***

1.1736***

1.2210***

2007

1.8841***

0.9595***

0.9396***

0.9664***

3.0979***

1.2871***

1.3170***

1.4158***

2008

1.3586***

0.7384***

0.7286***

0.7615***

1.9408***

0.9170***

0.9033***

0.9386***

2009

1.4161***

0.7749***

0.7664***

0.8176***

2.1253***

0.9941***

0.9893***

1.0254***

2010

1.3741***

0.7807***

0.7831***

0.8608***

2.1309***

1.0335***

1.0304***

1.0490***

2011

0.9769***

0.6090***

0.6362***

0.7175***

1.5761***

0.8471***

0.8289***

0.8273***

2012

0.3857***

0.3872***

0.4417***

0.5626***

0.8008***

0.6255***

0.5806***

0.5386***

2013

0.8352***

0.5529***

0.5899***

0.6779***

1.3919***

0.7873***

0.7636***

0.7521***

2014

0.8139***

0.5519***

0.5888***

0.7121***

1.5567***

0.8436***

0.8251***

0.8224***

2015

0.9662***

0.6347***

0.6602***

0.8027***

1.5328***

0.8596***

0.8385***

0.8372***

2016

1.1591***

0.7430***

0.7626***

0.9213***

2.4047***

1.1708***

1.1717***

1.1846***

2017

1.4543***

0.8537***

0.8673***

0.9945***

2.9950***

1.3470***

1.3489***

1.3652***

2018

0.8313***

0.6576***

0.7260***

0.8531***

1.8484***

0.9666***

0.9666***

1.0393***

2019

0.9491***

0.7090***

0.7845***

0.8798***

1.7494***

0.9258***

0.9300***

0.9968***

Total

1.1399***

0.6967***

0.7144***

0.8047***

1.9863***

0.9864***

0.9787***

0.9984***

  1. *** indicates significance at the 1% level, using the Wald test