The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 2 Zivot–Andrews structural break trended unit root test
From: Revisiting the electricity consumption-led growth hypothesis: is the rule defied in France?
Variable | At level | At 1st difference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
T-stat | Break year | T-stat | Break year | |
\(\ln Y_{t}\) | − 1.543 (1) | 1985 | − 6.156 (2)* | 1982 |
\(\ln EC_{t}\) | − 3.738 (2) | 2000 | − 5.442 (1)** | 1986 |
\(\ln F_{t}\) | − 3.201 (1) | 1978 | − 11.839 (4)* | 1978 |
\(\ln K_{t}\) | − 4.120 (3) | 1981 | − 5.499 (1)** | 1985 |
\(\ln TO_{t}\) | − 4.167 (3) | 1998 | − 6.719 (3)* | 1987 |
\(\ln EX_{t}\) | − 4.332 (1) | 1997 | − 6.841 (2)* | 1988 |
\(\ln IM_{t}\) | − 4.195 (2) | 1998 | − 7.182 (1)* | 1976 |