The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)
Table 2 The results of the panel unit root test
From: The impact of digital financial inclusion on household carbon emissions: evidence from China
LLC | IPS | HT | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
lnHCE | Level | − 9.9238*** | − 0.4482 | − 1.4846* |
1st difference | − 9.7875*** | − 5.3041*** | − 18.4294*** | |
lnINC | Level | − 4.2123*** | − 6.2775*** | 3.7780 |
1st difference | − 3.5933*** | − 3.1060*** | − 9.4231*** | |
lnPOP | Level | − 5.0399*** | 2.7286 | 4.2002 |
1st difference | − 15.2341*** | − 1.8525** | − 2.7125*** | |
lnTEC | Level | 2.0619 | 1.1000 | -0.1151 |
1st difference | − 8.5451*** | -2.6118*** | -5.3882*** | |
DFI | Level | − 17.5407*** | − 6.2949*** | 2.6322 |
1st difference | − 2.2705** | − 4.7776*** | − 11.1512*** | |
DEP | Level | − 19.9730*** | 0.0760 | 1.7683 |
1st difference | − 5.8271*** | − 5.1003*** | − 12.3590*** | |
BRE | Level | − 9.4077*** | − 2.0724** | 3.9586 |
1st difference | − 15.8632*** | − 3.2678*** | − 8.2381*** | |
DIG | Level | − 22.6952*** | − 5.0498*** | 0.6283 |
1st difference | − 4.2767*** | − 4.1945*** | − 10.6416*** | |
DC | Level | − 5.2699*** | 0.1837 | − 2.8878*** |
1st difference | − 7.1261*** | − 4.6668*** | − 12.5719*** | |
NC | Level | − 0.8790 | 3.8136 | − 5.8995*** |
1st difference | − 30.3398*** | − 4.1173*** | − 20.8027*** | |
lnEC | Level | 2.2456 | 6.7486 | − 1.8607** |
1st difference | − 7.0054*** | − 5.4796*** | − 21.2291*** |