- The intersection of a row (industries) and column (region) indicates the origin of a unitary productivity shock. The left subcolumn represents the total network effect, while the right subcolumn presents the intraregional term. Each figure is a 10-year average in the period 1970–2015. Figures in parentheses are p values of paired t tests between the left group and right group (10 observations, 9 for Okinawa)