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Journal of Economic Structures

The Official Journal of the Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS)

Table 2 Measures of linkages and industry importance by the HEM.

From: A new identification method of economic large shocks in the input–output framework: application to the COVID-19

Industries

A00

B05

C00

D01

D02

D03

D04

D07

E00

F45

TBL

1.330

1.134

1.151

1.481

1.094

1.281

1.179

1.24

1.185

1.469

TFL

1.554

1.503

1.611

1.200

1.045

1.277

1.261

1.939

1.535

1.046

HEM

0.117

0.010

0.023

0.152

0.038

0.049

0.093

0.044

0.034

0.117

Industries

G00

H55

I01

I02

J00

K00

L75

MN0

OP0

Average

TBL

1.249

1.403

1.224

1.269

1.336

1.132

1.262

1.130

1.238

1.252

TFL

1.018

1.218

1.239

1.215

1.672

1.414

1.000

1.030

1.233

1.316

HEM

0.096

0.036

0.056

0.025

0.051

0.092

0.109

0.064

0.015

0.064

  1. This table provides measures of Total Backward Linkage (TBL), Total Forward Linkage (TFL) and the importance of the industry using the Hypothetical Extraction Method (HEM) for all industries (in column). The measure of importance is given by the ratio of the decline in total output following the annihilation of industry j in the economic system to the initial total output. The last column (bold) shows the mean of the three measures
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